Exam P — Probability Flashcards
743 fact-checked cards across 20 decks — learn the concepts, drill the formula sheets, and work 297 exam-style practice problems. Written and verified by an FCAS/FSA actuary, with real LaTeX math.
Exam P — Probability
20 decks · set theory and combinatorics, conditional probability and Bayes’ theorem, discrete and continuous distributions, expectation, variance and moments, multivariate and joint distributions, transformations and order statistics, the central limit theorem, and risk & insurance applications.
Concepts, formulas & worked examples across every syllabus topic.
Conditional Probability & Bayes
Conditional probability, the multiplication rule, independence, the law of total probabili…
Continuous Distributions
pdf/cdf/survival/hazard, and the uniform, exponential, gamma, normal, and beta distributio…
Covariance, Sums & CLT
Covariance and correlation, variance of sums and linear combinations, independence versus …
Discrete Distributions
The named discrete distributions on SOA Exam P — uniform, Bernoulli, binomial, geometric, …
Expectation, Variance & MGFs
Expectation and LOTUS, variance and standard deviation, linear-transform properties, momen…
Multivariate Distributions
Joint, marginal, and conditional distributions; independence; covariance and correlation; …
Risk & Insurance Applications
ordinary deductibles, policy limits, coinsurance, the limited expected value, per-loss vs …
Set Theory & Combinatorics
Sample spaces, set operations and De Morgan, Kolmogorov axioms, inclusion-exclusion, equal…
Transformations & Order Statistics
Transforming random variables (CDF method, Jacobian, bivariate change of variables, convol…
Condensed formula sheets and the classic mistakes to avoid.
Exam-style multiple-choice problems with worked solutions — a free sample of each; the full bank is in the app.
Conditional Probability & Bayes
Thirty-three original SOA/CAS Exam P-style multiple-choice problems on conditional probabi…
Continuous Distributions
Thirty-three exam-realistic multiple-choice problems spanning pdfs/cdfs, survival and haza…
Covariance, Sums & CLT
Thirty-three original SOA/CAS Exam P-style multiple-choice problems spanning covariance, c…
Discrete Distributions
Thirty-three original SOA/CAS Exam P-style multiple-choice problems spanning pmf/cdf mecha…
Expectation, Variance & MGFs
Thirty-three original SOA/CAS Exam P-style multiple-choice problems covering expectation a…
Multivariate Distributions
Thirty-three original SOA/CAS Exam P-style multiple-choice problems covering joint/margina…
Risk & Insurance Applications
Thirty-three original SOA/CAS-style multiple-choice problems on insurance payment mechanic…
Set Theory & Combinatorics
Thirty-three SOA-style multiple-choice problems covering set operations, De Morgan, Kolmog…
Transformations & Order Statistics
Thirty-three original SOA/CAS Exam P-style multiple-choice problems on transformations of …
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